Apparatus for hydraulically de-scaling ingots particularly hollow ingots



H, w. HEROLD 3,362,418 APPARATUS FOR HYDRAULIGALLY IDE-SCALING IN'GOTS PARTIS-.,ULABLY HQLLQW INIGOTS 3 `Shawls-Slaan 1 Jan. 9, 1968 Filed'April 25, 196e @nani Jan. 9, 1968 APPARATUS lFOR HYDRAULICALLY DE-SCALING INGOTS Filed April 25, 1966 FIG.2

5 Sheets-Sheet 2 H. W. HEROLD APPARATUS FOR HYDRAULICALLY DE-SCALING ING 3,362,418 OTS Jan. 9, 1.968

' PARTICULARLY HOLLOW INGOTS Filed April 25, 1966 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 INV ENTOR A44/v5 WMI/741 Aaeam United States Patent O 3,362,418 APPARATUS FOR HYDRAULICALLY DE-SCALING INGOTS PARTICULARLY HOLLW INGCTS Hans Wilhelm Herold, Kongen, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany, assigner t Werner & Pfleiderer, Stuttgart-Feuerbach, Germany Filed Apr. 25, 1966, Ser. No. 544,910 Claims priority, application Germany, Apr. 28, 1965, W 39,061 9 Claims. (Cl. 134-56) This invention relates to an apparatus for hydraulically deescaling ingots and more particularly hollow ingots by means of pressure fluid issuing from nozzles, with suitable nozzle sets or batteries being associated with the surfaces to be de-scaled.

In order to obtain with forgings, such as, for example, swaged forgings, an objection-free surface, various descaling processes are lused in practice. De-scaling by means of pressure fluid, generally water, has been approved for many cases and can be used advantageously with forgings in which the size and weight thereof does not exceed a specied limit.

In a known apparatus of this type, the Work-piece to be de-scaled is arranged in a closed housing and the surfaces to be de-scaled are successively sprayed by means of suitable nozzles so that the scale is removed. The advantages oiered by de-scaling by means of pressure iluid can, however, with this prior known arrangement only be fully utilized with simple workpiece shapes, while, in the case of workpieces having surfaces to be de-scaled which are difficult to approach, such as, for example hollow ingots, disadvantages arise which can unfavorably iniluence not only the economy of the process, but also the quality of the material.

The object of the invention is to avoid the above disadvantages, While retaining all the advantages of hydraulic de-scaling and to provide an apparatus, which ensures the greatest possible economy with a most advantageous treatment of the workpiece with a smaller technical expenditure.

This object is attained in accordance with the invention essentially in that the individual nozzle sets or batteries are connected to pistons displaceable in cylinders and, on the issuance of pressure iiuid from the nozzles are simultaneously movable, with the cylinders of all the pistons being mounted on a commonv supporting plate.

With this arrangement, a simultaneous de-scaling of all the surfaces is attained with only one movement of the individual nozzle sets or batteries and, thus, the speed of de-scaling is considerably increased as compared with apparatus in which the individual nozzle sets are set in operation successively through a separate control member. At the same time, the temperature course during the de-scaling is not unfavorably influenced so that a fall in temperature can be kept within bounds and controlled. By arranging all of the cylinders on a common supporting plate, a Iportable de-scaling apparatus occupying little space can readily be obtained, and can at any time be placed in the most favorable position relative to the machine in use at the time.

The servicing and the necessary expenditure on control members is in the present apparatus essentially simplied in thatonly one common control device is associated with all of the pistons and cylinders and which device effects the supply of pressure fluid to all of the cylinders and pistons simultaneously.

As regards the space saving considerations, it is preferable to arrange the individual cylinders vertically on their common support so that the individual nozzle sets or batteries are moved in opposite directions. If necessary, the movement of the individual nozzle sets or batteries can also be effected in the same direction. In this case, the couplings for the supply of the pressure fluid or the arrangement, of the individual cylinders must be chosen accordingly.

In order to ensure a more certain or reliable charging of the individual nozzle sets or batteries with a pressure fluid, it is preferable to connect the pistons and/or the cylinders of the individual nozzle sets rigidly together at their ends by means 'of a connecting conduit. The corresponding nozzle set or battery can then also be arranged in this connecting conduit and be formed, for example as a transverse stay, bridge piece or the like.

According to another object of the invention, a control member may be associated with at least one of the nozzle sets or batteries, with such control member arresting the supply of pressure fluid to the nozzle sets, in a predetermined end position of the two sets and causing their return to their initial position.

As already mentioned, only one control device is necessary for controlling the above apparatus and is provided with a control valve connected to the cylinders of one nozzle set or battery, with the valve effecting the supply -of the pressure duid which is switchable through a second control circuit thereby affording a disturbancefree operation and a simple servicing. The use of a second control circuit for regulating the control valve per se is efficacious in that the highest pressures can easily be controlled and a supervision of the operation of the whole apparatus can be effected in a simple manner.

Thus, according to the invention, the nozzle sets or batteries together with their cylinders and pistons can be arranged in a common housing provided with an inlet opening, such as a swingable door for the ingot to be de-scaled, the inlet opening being preferably provided with a closing device, which, in the closed position, releases the supply of pressure fluid to the individual nozzle sets. If the closing device is connected to the second c-ontrol circuit, the apparatus can be automatically activated on the closing of the inlet opening and inactivated and returned to the rest position through the cont-rol member, operating at a predetermined end position of the two sets of nozzles and preferably also connected to the second control circuit.

The invention will now :be described with reference to the accompanying diagrammatic drawing, which shows an embodiment of the invention, but in no restrictive sense.

In the drawing: l

FIGURE 1 is a sectional view of a de-scaling apparatus and,

FIGURE 2 a diagrammatic view of the connecting conduits of the apparatus shown in FIGURE 1,

FIGURE 3 is a horizontal sectional vieW illustrating the manner in which the closing device to the inlet open ing is operably attached to the housing.

A base plate 1 provided with vertical supporting members or stanchions 2 carries a plate 3 adapted to support individual cylinders 4, 5 and 6, 7 having pistons 4', 5', 6' and 7 displaceable therein. The pistons are provided with extensions 4, 5", 6 and '7" respectively, which extend downwardly through suitably packed openings in the plate 3, and on the sides of which extensions are carried sets or batteries of nozzles 8 and 9 respectively. The nozzle set or battery 8 is secured to a transverse stay 10 connecting the extensions 4 and 5" and the set is essentially a cylindrical member provided at its side facing the plate 3 with outlet openings 11 for the pressure fluid. The nozzle set or battery 9 is, Ion the other hand, an annular member provided with outlet openings for the pressure fluid distributed over the periphery thereof and the member is carried at the lower ends of the extensions 6 and 7" .ofthe pistons 6, 7. i

A workpiece, such as a hollow ingot 13 shown in dotdash lines in FIGURE 1 of the drawing, is de-scaled simultaneously externally and internally by the nozzle sets or batteries 8, 9, respectively while the pistons 4', 5', 6' and 7' are displaced from the position shown in FIG- URE 1 into the opposite position. In `order to retain the hollow ingot 13 on its supporting plate 12 located between the stanchions 2 during the de-scaling operation, it will be seen that a piston 15, displaceable in a cylinder 14 connected to the plate 3, is moved downwardly and presses the hollow ingot on to the plate 12.

The supply of pressure luid to the individual cylinders 4, 5, 6, and 7 and the pistons 4', 5', 6 and '7' is effected through a control device 17 carried by a transverse member 16 connecting the cylinders 6 and 7 at their upper ends. The device 17 includes a movable piston 18 and a valve 19, the `operation 'of which will be referred to hereafter. The transverse member 16 has a bore 16" connecte-d with the nozzle set 9 through longitudinal bores in the pistons 6 and 7' and the bore 16 is connected through a branch 16' with the space containing the piston 18.

As shown in FIGURE l, a control member 20 is arranged on one yof the stanchions 2 and cooperates with a valve 21 also carried by the same stanchion 2.

The cylinders 4, 5, 6, and 7 and the pistons 4', 5', 6', and 7' together with their conduits and control mem* bers are enclosed in a housing 22 shown in dot-dash lines in FIGURE 1 for the sake of clarity and constitute a portable unit which can, if necessary, carry an outlet 23 for the waste water. In the arrangement shown, the `outlet is arranged in a stationary sump 24.

When a workpiece positioned on the supporting plate 12 through the inlet opening, formed as a swinging door, is to be de-scaled, then, upon the closing of the door, a pneumatic valve 25 is actuated so that air flows through a conduit 26 connected to the pneumatic valve 25 into the cylinder` 14 and forces the piston 15 with an end pressure member on to the workpiece 13, and holds the workpiece in position.

It will be seen that the housing is of circular cross section and provided with a door 22' in the form of an arcuate flap in its lower part. The Valve 25 is fixed to the housing adjacent the edge of the opening therein and is provided with a spring-loaded plunger 25' which is engaged when the flap is in the closed position by a projection 22" on the free edge of the flap. The valve is spring-loaded so that the valve is normally closed and hence is closed except when the flap is closed. When the iiap or door 21' is closed, the projection 22" engages the valve plunger and -depresses the same to open the valve. The valve 25 is fed with pressure air through a further conduit 27, with an interconnected pressure gauge 28, and the valve 21 as well as conduit 21 leading from the valve 21 to the valve 25. The conduit 26 is connected through a branch 30 with a valve 32 connected through a conduit 31 with a pressure container or the like for the pressure fluid. The valve 32 operates a valve 32' at a predetermined pressure inthe conduit 26 and allows the valve 19 in the control device 17 to open since fluid flows through conduit 33 connected to the control device 17 and leads to the valve 32 and from valve 32' through the conduit 33'.

The control device 17 is connected at its side facing the valve 19 with a conduit 34 in which the same pressure prevails as in the conduit 31 as it is connected to the pressure container.

Through the branch 16 in the transverse member 16 and the connection opening into the longitudinal bores in the pistons 6' and 7', pressure fluid is conveyed to the nozzle set 9 and through a conduit 35 connected to the housing and provided with branch conduit portions 35a and 3Sb to the nozzle set 8 arranged in the extensions 4" and of the pistons 4 and 5' and connected to the transverse member and led against the internal and external faces of the workpiece 13.

The pistons 4', 5', 6', and '7' are acted on by the pressure uid and are displaced in their cylinders 4, 5, 6, and 7 upwardly and downwardly respectively. In FIG- URE 1, the pistons 4' and 5' are displaced upwardly with the nozzle set 8, while the pistons 6' and 7' are moved downwardly with the nozzle set 9.

In order that the movement of the nozzle sets 8 and 9 shall not be uncontrolled, the cylinders 4 and 5 are connected at their ends remote from the extensions 4" and 5" by conduit portions 36a and 36b to a common conduit 36 connected to a throttle by-pass return valve 37 through which the speed of movement of the nozzle set 8 can be regulated continuously or in stages in depending on the instant pressure of the pressure fluid. In the same manner, the cylinder spaces 6 and 7 are connected through branch conduit portions 38a and 3Sb to a common conduit 38, which, leads to a second throttle by-pass return valve 39 for controlling continuously, or in stages, the speed of movement of the nozzle set 9. If necessary, both conduits 36 and 38 can also lead to a common throttle by-pass return valve, or the two valves can be suitably coupled so that the movement of the nozzle sets 8 and 9 can also be controlled together. The arrangement of separate throttle by-pass return valves 37, 39, however, enables a varied adjustment of the prevailing operating conditions.

When the nozzle sets 8, 9 have reached their adjusted end positions, the control member 20 and through the latter, the valve 21 is actuated by the nozzle set 9, so that pressure air flows from the valves 21 and 25 and the valve 32 and 32' responds in such manner that the piston 18 is actuated and the valve 19 closes. The supply of pressure fluid is thereby interrupted.

As the cylinder spaces are under pressure through the conduit portions 36a, 36b, 38a and Sb via the conduits 36 and 38, the pistons 4', 5', 6' and 7 are again displaced to their starting positions shown in FIGURE l, the end position of which can be limited by stops or the like. The uid to be removed can flow out through the nozzles of the nozzle sets 8 and 9.

If the inlet opening of the housing 22 is again opened, the control member 21 is moved through means (not shown) back into its initial position, s0 that the described sequence of operations can be initiated anew by the closing of the inlet opening.

The feeding of the apparatus with pressure iiuid can be effected through a conduit 40 which opens into the conduit 31, While the supply of fresh fluid is effected through a conduit 41.

Obviously, various modifications can be made within the scope of the invention, such, for example, as the arrangement of special safety and supervising members. In the same manner, also, the arrangement and choice of the valves can be varied and definite conditions conformed to.

The invention is not to be confined to any strict conformity to the showings made in the drawings but changes or modifications may be made therein provided such changes or modifications mark no material departure from the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. An apparatus for hydraulically de-scaling ingots and more particularly hollow ingots, comprising a supporting plate, at least two pairs of cylinders arranged on said plate, a pair of pistons displaceable in the same direction in each pair of cylinders, a nozzle set operably connected to each pair of pistons and movable in opposite directions, means .for supporting Ian ingot to be descaled in operative relationship to said nozzle sets, a source of pressure uid, conduit means between said source of pressure fluid and said cylinders and nozzle sets, and means for supplying said pressure fluid into said nozzle sets via said cylinders and said conduit means whereby said pistons are simultaneously displaceable together with said nozzle sets upon the issuance of pressure fluid from said nozzle sets.

2. The apparatus for hydraulically de-scaling ingots as claimed in claim 1 including a common control device operably related with all said cylinders.

3. The apparatus for hydraulically de-scaling ingots as claimed in claim 1 including means whereby said nozzle sets are movable in opposite -directions at the same speed.

4. The apparatus for hydraulically de-scaling ingotsV as claimed in claim 1 including a conduit rigidly connecting the cylinders of the nozzle sets together at one end thereof.

5. The apparatus for hydraulically de-scaling ingots as claimed in claim 1 including a control member operably related with at least one of said nozzle sets for arresting the supply of pressure iluid in a predetermined end position of said nozzle sets for causing the return of such sets to their starting position.

6. The apparatus for hydraulically de-scaling ingots as claimed in claim 1 including a control device provided With a valve operably connected to the cylinders of one nozzle set, a second control conduit operated by said valve for effecting the supply of pressure fluid therethrough.

7. The apparatus for hydraulically de-scaling ingots as claimed in claim 1 including a common housingvfor said supporting plate cylinders and nozzle sets, and said common housing having an inlet Opening for the ingot to be de-scaled.

8. The apparatus for hydraulically de-scaling ingots as claimed in claim 7 including a closing device for said inlet opening which closing device in the closed position releases the supply of pressure uid via the conduit means to said nozzle sets.

9. The apparatus for hydraulically de-scaling ingots as claimed in claim 8 including a control member operably connected to said inlet opening so that said control member is moved into an initial position on the opening of said inlet opening.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,364,706 1/ 1921 `Buckwalter 134-17() X 1,933,412 10/1933 Brown et al. 134-122 2,690,756 10/1954 St. Palley et al. 134-56 3,023,756 3/1962 Proctor 134-144 X FOREIGN PATENTS 504,866 8/ 1930 Germany. 1,087,901 3/ 1955 France.

CHARLES A. WILLMUTH, Primary Examiner. R. BLEUTGE, Assistant Examiner. 

1. AN APPARATUS FOR HYDRAULICALLY DE-SCALING INGOTS AND MORE PARTICULARLY HOLLOW INGOTS, COMPRISING A SUPPORTING PLATE, AT LEAST TWO PAIRS OF CYLINDERS ARRANGED ON SAID PLATE, A PAIR OF PISTONS DISPLACEABLE IN THE SAME DIRECTION IN EACH PAIR OF CYLINDERS, A NOZZLE SET OPERABLY CONNECTED TO EACH PAIR OF PISTONS AND MOVABLE IN OPPOSITE DIRECTIONS, MEANS FOR SUPPORTING AN INGOT TO BE DESCALED IN OPERATIVE RELATIONSHIP TO SAID NOZZLE SETS, A SOURCE OF PRESSURE FLUID, CONDUIT MEANS BETWEEN SAID SOURCE PRESSURE FLUID AND SAID CYLINDERS AND NOZZLE SETS, AND MEANS FOR SUPPLYING SAID PRESSURE FLUID INTO SAID NOZZLE SETS VIA SAID CYLINDERS AND SAID CONDUIT MEANS WHEREBY SAID PISTONS ARE SIMULTANEOUSLY DISPLACEABLE TOGETHER WITH SAID NOZZLE SETS UPON THE ISSUANCE OF PRESSURE FLUID FROM SAID NOZZLE SETS. 